Before the middle of the 19th century the existence of the Sumerian and Babylonian people was not known. The first major excavations took place in 1842. This lead to the discovery of the Sumerian and Babylonian people.
The first major archaeological finding were huge temples made of clay bricks. These mountains like structures were like step pyramids rising hundreds of meters above the ground. Archaeologists have found written evidence that these man-made mountains were called Ziggurats and was the center of the Sumerian religion.
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