Colombia, a republic in South America, its in the northwestern part of the continent, and
bounded on the north by Panama and the Caribbean Sea, on the east by Venezuela and Brazil,
on the south by Peru and Ecuador, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia is the only
country of South America with coasts on both the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. The
total land area of the country is 1,141,748 sq km (440,831 sq mi). The capital and largest city is
Bogotá. "The distinguishing topographical feature of Colombia is the Andes mountain chain, its
in the central and western parts of the country, and stretches north through south across almost
its entire length. "The Andes comprise three principal and parallel ranges: the Cordillera
Oriental, the Cordillera Central, and the Cordillera Occidental. On the Caribbean coast is the
isolated mountain mass known as the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, which includes Colombia's
highest point at Pico Cristóbal Colón (5776 m/18,950 ft)." "The Cordillera Central contains the
volcanic peaks of Huila (5750 m/ 18,865 ft) and Tolima (5616 m/ 18,425 ft). About 240 km
(about 150 mi) south of the Caribbean, the Cordillera Central descends to marshy jungle.
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