Since the end of the Second World War, international migrations have grown in volume and changed in character. There have been two main phases.
The first phase was spread from 1945 till the early 1970s, where the large numbers of migrant workers were drawn from less-developed countries into the fast-expending industrial areas of Western Europe, North America and Australia.
The second phase of international migration started in the mid-1970s and gaining momentum in the 1980s and 1990s. This phase involved complex new patterns of migration, affecting both old and new receiving countries.
Between 1945 and the early 1970s, three main types of migration led to the formation of new ethnically distinct populations in advanced industrial countries:
migration of workers from the European periphery to Western Europe, often through “guestworker systems”;…
