Satellite orientation in space is important for continuous solar cell and antenna orientation. Since the primary source of power in most satellites is from solar cells, a maximum number of the solar cells must be exposed to the sun at all times. The satellite antenna must also be pointed at the appropriate earth terminals. Our communications satellites use what is termed spin stabilization to meet these important requirements.
Once the system is in motion, spin stabilization requires actually no extra energy. A spin-stabilized satellite is usually constructed like a flywheel. After reaching its orbit, the jets are pulsed to start the satellite spinning. The satellite spin axis is orientated to the axis of the earth by means of small axial jets. Velocity jets, are used to place the satellite in orbit position and provide velocity correction.
Solar cells are installed around the outside surface of the satellite. This gives a large number of solar cells exposed to the sun 24 hours a day.
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