Charles the First was sympathetic to Catholicism. He believed in the divine right of the monarchy. The Puritan influence in the U.K was rising. Parliament and the rising commercial class were having many conflicts and disagreements with the monarchy. The Parliament, an advisement council for the Monarch, was made up of two houses. The House of Lords, a small and non-powerful house composed of the old nobility. The House of Commons, a large and powerful house composed of the rest of the population elected by property and wealth.
Parliament's power was rising, and arguments ensued over money problems. The treasury of Britain was almost bankrupt. These conflicts led to Civil War in the mid 1640's. Charles failed an attempt on overthrowing Parliament, and was himself overthrown by Oliver Cromwell leading Parliament. Charles was found of conspiracy with France, and he was executed in 1649 in public by beheading.
The constitutional monarchy arose in England at this time for numerous reasons.
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