The term "fermentation" does not apply only to alcoholic fermentation but to a wide range of reactions, brought about by enzymes or micro-organisms. The anaerobic respiration of glucose to alcohol or lactic acid was described as a form of fermentation.
Micro-organisms which bring about fermentation are using the chemical reaction to produce the energy which they need for their living processes. The reactions which are useful in fermentation biotechnology are mostly those that produce incompletely oxidized compounds.
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