In the 200-300 years before the C5th BC, Gk interstate relationships became more complicated and sophisticated. Initially, these were governed mainly by religious considerations - oracles, shrines, festivals, pilgrimages and Amphictyones were universally recognised and guarantee against attack.( 166). Commecially, interstate contacts increased. Eg, at Naucratis, the Hellenium founded by 9 states and the market was controlled by their trade representatives.
After the Second Messian War ( c. 640-620), Sparta reached her artistic and commercial peak (166). Her conservative constitution was confirmed; she deposed the last tyrant at Corinth (c 582) and helped, probably, Elis gain control of the Olympic festival (167). …
