It’s very difficult to understand how exactly was called king Arthur . There were so many ways how to write his name, and there were also several meanings of his name. For example, some see it as derived from the Latin „Arturius”, and it means „plowman”- and all plowmen were called „Arturius”. The 5th to 6th century Welsh art [arth – later form] means „bear”. „Art + ur” means „man of the bear” or „bear - man”, thus giving us Artur [it come from Welsh]. Yet Arturius in its later forms when pronounced in Celtic languages could have yieded „Arthur” as well as „Arturus”, both of which forms do occur in the medieval literature.
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