It has been known that skilled readers (adult readers) have at their disposal two different procedures for converting print into speech. It has been thought that there is a dictionary look-up (lexical) procedure and a letter-to-sound (non-lexical) procedure, both of which are part of the dual-route cascade model (DRC).
Any word that a reader has read is learned and represented as an entry in their mental dictionary or internal lexicon. Such words can be read out aloud by simply accessing the word's lexical entry from the printed form, and retrieving from that entry the word's pronunciat…
